συμπνίγω
to strangle completely, i.e. (literally) to drown, or (figuratively) to crowd
Everything you need to know.
of Completion
This certifies that
Is on track to complete the Bible for the 1st time in 240 days.
Paul's Handkerchief is Bible study with a difference — going word-by-word through Scripture to reclaim the Ancient Near East context, romance, and mystery that modern translations often leave behind.
Only about 3% of people around the world who start the Bible ever finish it. The 3% Club is for those ready to break that cycle — reading the entire Bible at their own pace, backed by community and tools built to make finishing not just possible, but inevitable. You also get a certificate to celebrate your achievement.
Bible Cafe isn't just Bible study — it's a personal, intimate conversation with Him. Think less classroom, more kitchen table. It combines the original Coffee with Jesus experience with activities like quizzes, crosswords, journaling and more, all designed to let the Word shape your heart, not just your head.
Most English Bibles can't carry the full weight of what's in the original Hebrew and Greek. The F.O.G Bible Project exists to change that — three new translations built publicly (a Study Bible, a Reader's Bible, and F.O.G Jr. for younger readers), plus a word-by-word renewal of Strong's Concordance restoring the depths most translations leave behind. It is Jean Paul's lifelong work, unfolding in public — and you're invited in.
Jean Paul Joseph is the lead editor of the F.O.G Bible Project. He works from a personal encounter with Jesus first, then draws on the scholarship of respected Jewish and Christian scholars — because the church was Jewish before it was anything else, and those roots change everything about how you read Scripture.
Simply create an account and choose your preferred Bible and reading style. The app will track your progress and help keep you accountable to the rhythm of daily Scripture engagement.
to strangle completely, i.e. (literally) to drown, or (figuratively) to crowd
συμπνίγω(sympnígō)
Strong’s Definition
to strangle completely, i.e. (literally) to drown, or (figuratively) to crowd
from G4862 (σύν) and G4155 (πνίγω);
“He also that received seed among the thorns is he that heareth the word; and the care of this world, and the deceitfulness of riches, choke the word, and he becometh unfruitful.”
No verses found containing this word study ID.
The Breath That Cannot Be Stolen
Upon the lips of the Master himself, this word first appears — not in the quiet of a synagogue, nor in the stillness of a scroll, but in the violent soil of a parable. Yeshua speaks of seed falling among thorns, and the watching sages hear Him say: the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word. Five times this verb appears in the sacred writings, and each occurrence carries the weight of a soul gasping for air. The Greek tongue gives us συμπνίγω — to strangle completely, to press from every side until no breath remains. It is a word of suffocation, of life being crowded out by that which seems harmless but is not.The sages of old taught that a man’s breath is the very gift of the Creator, the neshamah that distinguishes the living from the dead. Yet here is a verb that describes the opposite: not the giving of breath, but its violent taking. In the Greek world, this word described a drowning — the final struggle of one who sinks beneath the waters. But the Master takes this physical terror and turns it inward. He speaks of a soul-drowning, a spiritual strangling that happens not in the sea, but in the garden of the heart.
The Grammar of Strangling
When the Master speaks this word, He uses the present passive infinitive form — to be choked, continually, as an ongoing condition. The grammar itself reveals a terrible truth: this is not a single event but a process. The thorns do not strangle in a moment; they grow alongside the wheat, day by day, root by root, until the breath of the Word is no more. The apostolic tradition teaches that the enemy of the soul rarely attacks with a blade; he suffocates with a pillow, slowly, quietly, until the life within ceases to struggle.
The rabbis of old observed that the Hebrew word for Egypt, Mitzrayim, carries the meaning of "narrow places" — a land of constriction where the people of God could not breathe freely. This Greek verb echoes that ancient memory. To be choked by thorns is to return to Egypt, to find oneself in a narrow place where the Word cannot expand, cannot grow roots, cannot bear fruit. The aorist passive form appears in the Septuagint when the Psalmist cries out from the depths — a moment of complete helplessness, when one has been seized by the throat and cannot cry for help.
The Parable’s Dark Center
In the Gospel of Matthew, the word appears at the heart of the parable of the sower — that foundational story which Yeshua calls the key to all parables. The seed that falls among thorns is choked, and the Greek reveals that this choking is thorough, complete, from every side. The prefix syn intensifies the action: it is not merely a squeezing, but a compression from all directions. The cares of the age and the seduction of wealth do not attack the Word; they surround it, press upon it, and slowly steal its breath.
Jewish tradition holds that the thorns represent the yetzer hara, the inclination toward evil that grows naturally in the soil of human hearts. Unlike the rocky ground which receives the Word with joy, or the path where the birds snatch it away, the thorny ground hears the Word and allows it to begin its work — only to find that other things, good things, necessary things, have grown up alongside it and taken its air. The tragedy of this choking is that it happens not in the desert but in fertile soil. The problem is not the ground; it is what shares the ground.
The Septuagint Bridge
When the translators of the Septuagint sought a Greek word to render the Hebrew chanak — to strangle, to narrow, to put in a tight place — they reached for this very verb. In the book of Job, the suffering patriarch cries out that God has choked him, has narrowed his breath until he cannot speak. The Hebrew chanak appears in the Psalms as well, describing the wicked who lie in wait to strangle the innocent. The bridge between the Testaments is built on this shared experience: the righteous one who finds his breath stolen by forces beyond his control.
Send a Gift
This website is 100% donor-funded. Your generosity allows someone else to access this content for free.
Give a gift of $100 to sponsor a verse or page of your choice.
Yet the LXX also uses this word in the book of Proverbs, where the sages warn against the woman who flatters with her words — she chokes the soul of the simple. Here the meaning shifts from physical violence to seduction, from open attack to quiet entrapment. This is the deeper wisdom of the Greek word: the worst strangling is not the hand at the throat, but the embrace that will not let go. The apostolic writers understood this well, for they knew that the world does not hate the Word openly; it loves it to death, smothers it with concern, buries it beneath anxiety.
The Crowd That Suffocates
In the Gospel of Mark, this same verb describes not thorns but people. When the crowds press around Yeshua, the Greek says they thronged Him — the same word for choking, for crowding so tightly that one cannot move or breathe. The Master, who gives life to the world, finds Himself compressed by those who seek only to touch Him. The early church understood this as a profound mystery: even the presence of the Messiah can be choked by the very ones who desire Him, if their desire is only for what He can give rather than for who He is.
The woman with the issue of blood reaches through this throng, this living chokehold of desperate humanity, and touches the fringe of His garment. She does not ask to be noticed; she simply reaches. And in that moment, the One who was being choked by the crowd is not diminished but is released — power flows from Him because one soul refused to be suffocated by the press of religion and instead reached for life itself. The early Church Fathers saw in this a pattern for prayer: the soul must push through the choking cares of this world to touch the hem of the Master’s garment.
The Breath of Messiah
How does Yeshua Himself fulfill this word? Not by being choked, but by giving breath. When He breathes on His disciples after the resurrection, the Greek says He emptysēsen — He breathed into them the Holy Spirit. The One who could have been choked by thorns, by crowds, by the narrowness of human hatred, instead becomes the source of breath for all who believe. The apostolic tradition teaches that where the first Adam received breath and lost it, the second Adam gives breath that cannot be stolen.
On the cross, Yeshua experiences the ultimate choking — not from thorns or crowds, but from the weight of the world’s sin pressing upon His lungs, narrowing His breath until He cries out in Aramaic, Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani? Yet even in that moment of utter constriction, He does not gasp for air like a drowning man; He commends His spirit into the Father’s hands. He is not choked; He yields. And in that yielding, He breaks the power of every chokehold that has ever held a human soul. The fathers of the faith observed that the resurrection is the final answer to this verb: death itself could not strangle the Author of life.
Your Breath, Your Choice
You have felt this choking, have you not? The cares of this age press upon you from every side — the needs of your household, the demands of your labor, the noise of a world that never stops speaking. The deceitfulness of riches whispers that if you had just a little more, you could breathe freely. But the Master tells you plainly: these are the thorns, and they will steal your breath if you let them. The question is not whether the thorns will grow — they always do — but whether you will allow them to grow alongside the Word until the Word can no longer breathe.
So now, beloved, stand in the fertile soil of your own heart. Look at what has grown there. Not everything that grows is from the Sower. Some things must be pulled, must be cut back, must be removed so that the Word may have room to expand its roots and lift its head toward the sun. The breath of the Spirit is gentle but persistent; it will not fight for space against thorns. You must choose. You must clear the ground. And when the cares come again — as they will — you must remember that the One who breathed life into dust has also breathed His Spirit into you, and that breath cannot be choked by any power in heaven or on earth. Breathe deeply, child of the resurrection. The thorns have no power over you.