περικαλύπτω
to cover all around, i.e. entirely (the face, a surface)
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to cover all around, i.e. entirely (the face, a surface)
περικαλύπτω(perikalýptō)
Strong’s Definition
to cover all around, i.e. entirely (the face, a surface)
from G4012 (περί) and G2572 (καλύπτω);
“And some began to spit on him, and to cover his face, and to buffet him, and to say unto him, Prophesy: and the servants did strike him with the palms of their hands.”
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The Wound That Hides the Light
Three times this sacred verb appears in the New Testament, and each occurrence is a wound upon the soul. The Greek word perikalýptō — from peri, meaning "all around," and kalýptō, meaning "to cover" — speaks of a covering that is complete, a veil drawn so tightly that no crack of light may enter. The sages of old taught that when a covering is placed upon the face, it is not the eyes alone that are hidden, but the image of the Holy One within them. You must understand: this is not the gentle covering of a sleeping child, but the violent eclipse of a soul refusing to see its own redemption.
The First Veil: When Men Blindfold the Prophet
The first time this verb appears in the New Testament, it is in the courtyard of the high priest. The soldiers have taken Yeshua, and they begin to mock Him. Luke records it with terrible precision: "And the men that held Yeshua mocked him, and smote him. And when they had blindfolded him, they struck him on the face, and asked him, saying, Prophesy, who is it that smote thee?" (Luke 22:63-64). The verb is in the aorist tense, a completed action — they covered His eyes entirely, perikalýpsantes. The rabbis of old observed that to cover a prophet's eyes is to deny that the Holy One sees. Yet in this very act, the soldiers fulfilled what they sought to disprove: for Yeshua did know who struck Him, and He prophesied still — not with words, but with silence. The covering became the revelation.
The Second Veil: When the Earth Refuses to See
In the Gospel of Mark, the same verb appears at the darkest hour. "And when the sixth hour was come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour" (Mark 15:33). The Septuagint uses perikalýptō to translate the Hebrew chasah, meaning "to cover over as with a garment." Jewish tradition holds that when the Temple veil tore, heaven itself mourned. But here, the earth itself performs the action: it wraps darkness around itself like a shroud. The Greek middle voice suggests the earth participated in its own covering — creation shuddering at what it witnessed. The apostolic tradition teaches that this was not merely an eclipse of the sun, but an eclipse of the heart of the world. For three hours, the cosmos hid its face from the death of its Maker.
The Third Veil: When Paul Speaks of the Uncovered Glory
Only the apostle Paul dares to turn this verb inside out. In his second letter to the Corinthians, he writes of Moses, who "put a veil over his face" (perikalýmma, the noun form) so that the children of Israel could not gaze upon the fading glory (2 Corinthians 3:13). But here is the mystery: the same covering that hides can also reveal. Paul contrasts the old covenant, which is perikalýptō — covered, veiled — with the new covenant, where the veil is removed in Messiah. The early church understood that Paul was not speaking of the Law itself, but of the reading of the Law without the Spirit. When you read Scripture and do not see Yeshua, your heart is still perikalýptō — wrapped in a covering of unbelief. But when you turn to the Lord, the veil is taken away (2 Corinthians 3:16). The verb of hiding becomes the verb of unveiling.
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The Hebrew Bridge: What the LXX Reveals
When the translators of the Septuagint chose perikalýptō to render the Hebrew kasah (to cover) and sakak (to screen or overshadow), they built a bridge between two worlds. In the Greek version of Exodus, the cloud that covers the mountain is perikalýptō (Exodus 24:15-16) — the same verb used for the blindfold of the Messiah. The ancient sages taught that the cloud was both a barrier and a doorway: it prevented the people from approaching, yet it was the very presence of the Holy One. So too with the covering of Yeshua's face: what the soldiers intended as humiliation became the throne of His glory. The Hebrew kasah carries the sense of atonement — the covering of sin. When you understand that perikalýptō bridges the covering of shame and the covering of mercy, you begin to see the cross with new eyes.
The Veil That Was Torn
The apostolic witness insists that the greatest perikalýptō in history was also the greatest apokalýptō — an unveiling. When Yeshua cried out and gave up His spirit, the veil of the Temple was torn in two from top to bottom (Matthew 27:51). The Greek word for "veil" here is katapétasma, which is related to perikalýptō in its function: it covered the Holy of Holies. Yet the tearing was not a destruction but a revelation. The early church father Ignatius wrote that the star which led the magi shone brighter than all others, and its light broke through every covering. What man had covered in the courtyard, the Father uncovered on the cross. Yeshua did not merely endure the blindfold; He transformed it into the gateway of salvation. The covering of His face became the uncovering of the Father's heart.
The Apostolic Charge: Remove the Covering
You who read these words, hear the teaching of the apostle: "But we all, with unveiled face beholding as in a mirror the glory of the Lord, are transformed into the same image" (2 Corinthians 3:18). The verb perikalýptō describes what the soldiers did to the Master; it also describes what every soul does when it refuses to see the light. But the good news is this: the covering has been torn. You need not live with a blindfold upon your heart. The same hands that were bound by the soldiers are now stretched out to remove every veil. The rabbis of old taught that when the Messiah comes, He will open the eyes of the blind. He has come. He has opened your eyes. Now, beloved, look. Let no covering remain between your soul and the face of the One who was covered for you. The veil is gone. The glory is revealed. Will you turn and see?